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51.
Darren S. Miller Anne Michelle Parsons John Bresland Paul Herde Duc Minh Pham Angel Tan Hung-yao Hsu Clive A. Prestidge Tim Kuchel Rezaul Begg Syed Mahfuzul Aziz Ross N. Butler 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2015,16(7):586-592
Understanding the ecology of the gastrointestinal tract and the impact of the contents on the host mucosa is emerging as an important area for defining both wellness and susceptibility to disease. Targeted delivery of drugs to treat specific small intestinal disorders such as small bowel bacterial overgrowth and targeting molecules to interrogate or to deliver vaccines to the remote regions of the small intestine has proven difficult. There is an unmet need for methodologies to release probes/drugs to remote regions of the gastrointestinal tract in furthering our understanding of gut health and pathogenesis. In order to address this concern, we need to know how the regional delivery of a surrogate labeled test compound is handled and in turn, if delivered locally as a liquid or powder, the dynamics of its subsequent handling and metabolism. In the studies we report on in this paper, we chose 13C sodium acetate (13C-acetate), which is a stable isotope probe that once absorbed in the small intestine can be readily measured non-invasively by collection and analysis of 13CO2 in the breath. This would provide information of gastric emptying rates and an indication of the site of release and absorptive capacity. In a series of in vitro and in vivo pig experiments, we assessed the enteric-protective properties of a commercially available polymer EUDRAGIT®L100-55 on gelatin capsules and also on DRcaps®. Test results demonstrated that DRcaps®coated with EUDRAGIT®L100-55 possessed enhanced enteric-protective properties, particularly in vivo. These studies add to the body of knowledge regarding gastric emptying in pigs and also begin the process of gathering specifications for the design of a simple and cost-effective enteric-coated capsule for delivery of acid-labile macromolecules to the small intestine. 相似文献
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知识经济时代的人力资源管理 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对传统的人力资源管理手段、内容及组织模式要深化改革；要顺应知识经济时代要求，更新观念，实施对人力资源的管理创新；指出要做好4个方面的工作：一是要转变传统人力资源管理的思想观念；二是建立战略性的人力资源管理体系；三是建立以人为中心，以能力为平台的人力资源管理体系；四是积极开展教育培训，建立知识型员工选用的新机制。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of teachers’ professional learning opportunities on instructional quality, which represents a combined approach of behaviorist, cognitivist, and constructivist principles in teaching. We incorporated professional learning communities (PLCs), professional development (PD) days, as well as 3 PD types (traditional, reform-based, and informal) to provide a comprehensive account of teachers’ professional learning opportunities. Using the extant large-scale data, the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS), from 3,213 middle-school teachers in Turkey, we found that PLCs and reform-based PD activities produced statistically significant effects on instructional quality, ranging from high to moderate effects, all other PD variables held constant. Discussion on the results was centered on the schools for being a venue for professional learning and the potential of collaborative structures to promote teachers’ development. 相似文献
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This paper presents a new prototype of an intelligent learning environment and the results of an experiment in learning by problem solving. Forty-six French secondary school students solved problems of polynomial factorization by interacting with the learning environment during four forty-five-minute sessions. The intelligent learning environment is a new version of the APLUSIX system, called APLUSIX/M0-V2, that has been implemented on a Macintosh computer. This system checks the validity of the actions a student wants to perform, tells the student why a query is invalid, does the calculations for the student, and gives advice if asked for help. The objective of the learning experiment was to enable students to acquire (i) knowledge in matching formal rules of transformation with a given expression; and (ii) heuristics of choice between possible transformations. The results confirmed the existence of several different levels of matching knowledge as well as several different student learning paths in the acquisition of matching knowledge. Heuristics appeared to be fairly easily learned with the APLUSIX learning environment. 相似文献
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The Ninh Nguyen Viet Thao Tran Hien Anh Nguyen Lan Phuong Bui Phuong Linh Dang 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2018,34(3):378-384
This study aims to examine students’ perceived benefits and values of textbooks, with a specific focus on emerging markets. A paper-based survey was used to collect data from 459 Vietnamese students in three business disciplines including accounting, international business and marketing. The findings reveal that Vietnamese business students view textbooks as having greater short-term benefits than long-term ones. They also believe that textbooks have relatively low economic value. Interestingly, marketing students perceive that textbooks provide primarily benefits of improving class performance, while accounting students tend to view textbooks to have benefits of clearer understanding of relevant concepts. Implications for key stakeholders in the higher education book publishing industry are discussed and future research directions presented. 相似文献
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Mario Neto Borges Maria Do Carmo Narciso Silva Goncalves Flavio Macedo Cunha 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2003,28(4):523-534
A worldwide problem in Engineering education is the high rates of students' failure and drop out particularly at the beginning of the course. This is related to the process by which students learn Mathematics. An innovative methodology of teaching calculus was developed and it is presented in this paper. The approach, based on both course modularisation and the error theory, is student centred. It fosters student/lecturer commitment and emphasizes continuous assessment of the process. Knowledge, in this work, is regarded as a construction and reconstruction process based on phenomenological and hermeneutic concepts. Survey results demonstrated the effectiveness of the applied methodology. 相似文献
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One hundred sixty American and 397 Korean fourth‐ and fifth‐graders were administered the Student Social Attribution Scale (SSAS), designed to assess students' explanations for social successes and failures. A Korean version of the SSAS was developed for the study. The American and Korean instruments' internal consistency reliability were determined (rs ranged from .56 to .86 for the Korean instrument and .62 to .88 for the American instrument). The means from both the American and Korean SSAS versions on the 8 scales and global scores (e.g., internal, external) were compared. Based on the literature, Korean children should have had higher scores for effort attributions in failure situations than the American children and Americans should have shown higher scores for ability attributions in successful situations. In fact, Korean children did show significantly higher ( p < .005) Failure Effort scores and American children showed significantly higher ( p < .005) Success Ability scores. Findings indicate that Korean children are potentially more willing to accept responsibility for social failure than American students. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable scale to assess the level of English usage in daily life by students between 15 and 19 years of age, and to compare these students’ scale scores according to their achievement levels in an English course. Five hundred and ninety-five participants were randomly selected from a universe. Exploratory factor analysis results indicate that the scale has a two-factor structure, which explains 50.1% of the total variance. Exploratory factor analysis is validated by confirmatory factor analysis (NNFI: 0.97; CFI: 0.97; GFI: 0.87; AGFI: 0.84; RMSEA: 0.07; and Standardized RMR: 0.05). Cronbach Alpha coefficients for Factor 1 and Factor 2 were calculated as 0.90 and 0.86, respectively. Test–retest reliability coefficient of the scale is at the expected level (r: 0.86, p<0.001). Item discrimination results indicate that the upper 27% of participants have higher mean rank scores for each item on the scale and on the two factors, and that this difference is significant at the 0.01 level. Results of the study show that students’ level of English usage in their daily life is low, and that the students who use more English in their daily life have a higher achievement level in the English course. 相似文献
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One of the most important findings to emerge from recent reading comprehension research is that there are large differences between tests in what they assess—specifically, the extent to which performance depends on word recognition versus listening comprehension skills. Because this research used ordinary least squares regression, it is not clear that the findings apply similarly to poor and good readers. The current study uses quantile regression to assess whether there might be differences within tests in the relative contributions of component skills as a function of performance level. There were 834 individuals (ages 8–18) who took 5 reading comprehension tests. Quantile regression showed that, for 3 of 5 tests, the contributions of word recognition and listening comprehension vary as a function of reading comprehension skill. These quantile differences hold across both younger and older readers. Our findings show that what skills a test assesses vary not only with the specific test used but also with how well the person performs. 相似文献